A recent study has raised concerns about the potential harm caused by indoor wood burning, likening it to the damaging effects of cigarette smoke. Researchers have noted a surge in the use of wood burning stoves, with domestic wood burning being identified as a significant contributor to PM2.5 air pollution in the UK, which consists of small particles that can deeply penetrate the lungs.
A study conducted by University College London analyzed health data from 11,000 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, along with property energy performance certificates (EPCs) and UK census information. The researchers discovered that wood burning appliances were more prevalent among white individuals residing in affluent urban neighborhoods, even in Smoke Control Zones.
The study involved monitoring lung function in over 1,700 individuals over an eight-year period, using a test to measure forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). The results showed that individuals using indoor wood burners experienced larger declines in FEV1 compared to non-exposed individuals, indicating potential respiratory issues associated with wood fuel usage.
According to the research team, the use of wood fuel has risen from 10% in 2004/05 to 18% in 2021/22. Dr. Horsfall highlighted the harmful emissions from home wood burning, emphasizing the increase in air pollution from this source in the UK over the past decade, leading to respiratory health concerns.
The researchers plan to investigate whether individuals residing near areas with high concentrations of wood stoves, particularly in affluent regions like London, exhibit elevated rates of respiratory problems requiring medical intervention. Experts, including Professor Ane Johannessen, emphasized the potential risks of wood burners on respiratory health, urging for enhanced public awareness, guidance, and regulations regarding domestic wood burning practices.
In response to the study, Sarah Sleet, from Asthma and Lung UK, expressed concerns over the escalating use of wood burners and called for increased awareness of the health impacts associated with these appliances. The findings underscore the importance of scrutinizing the environmental implications of wood burners and implementing measures to safeguard public health.